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{{about|the Melanesian Mission ships|other uses|Southern Cross (disambiguation)}}
{{Italic title}}
[[File:StateLibQld 1 116272 Southern Cross (ship).jpg|thumb|''Southern Cross'' No. 4]]
[[File:Sinker southern cross.jpg|thumb|''Southern Cross'' No. 5]]
[[File:HMAS Southern Cross.jpg|thumb|''Southern Cross'' No. 7]]
'''''Southern Cross''''' is the name given to each of a succession of ships serving the [[Melanesian Mission]] of the [[Anglican Church]] and the [[Church of the Province of Melanesia]].<ref name="BRL5">{{cite book |last1= Lawrence |first1= David Russell |title= The Naturalist and his "Beautiful Islands": Charles Morris Woodford in the Western Pacific|date= October 2014|publisher=ANU Press |isbn=9781925022032|pages=142–146|chapter= Chapter 5 Liberalism, Imperialism and colonial expansion |chapter-url= http://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p298111/pdf/ch053.pdf }}</ref> The first ship having this name succeeded the ''Undine'', a 21-ton [[schooner]] built at [[Auckland]] and in service from 1849 to 1857.

==Ships==

===''Southern Cross'' No. 1===
''Southern Cross 1'' was a [[schooner]] of 100 tons, built by [[Blackwall Yard#History#Wigrams|Messrs. Wigram]] of [[Blackwall Yard]], [[England]] in 1855; for £1,500. She arrived in [[New Zealand]] on 19 July 1855, and she was wrecked on 18 June 1860 at the mouth of the [[Ngunguru|Ngunguru River]], [[New Zealand]], during an easterly [[gale]]. The first ''Southern Cross'' was funded by subscriptions provided by supporters of the Melanesian Mission. These included [[Charlotte Mary Yonge]], who contributed the profits of her book ''The Daisy Chain''.<ref name=autogenerated2>{{cite web|title=In the Solomons and other islands of Melanesia|url=http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/solomons1943/|publisher=Diocese of Melanesia|access-date=21 February 2013|date=November 1943}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pacific Progress 1849 -1949|url=http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/centenary1949/|publisher=Diocese of Melanesia|access-date=21 February 2013|date=March 1949}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Ashwell|first=B. Y.|title=Journal of a visit to the Loyalty, New Hebrides, and Banks' Islands, in the Melanesian Mission schooner the Southern Cross, with an account of the wreck of that vessel.|url=http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/ashwell1860.html|publisher=Melanesian Mission|access-date=21 February 2013}}</ref>

===''Southern Cross'' No. 2===
''Southern Cross 2'' was a 93-ton yawl-rigged [[brigantine]], which was built at [[Southampton]] and was in service from 1863 to 1873. This ship carried [[John Patteson (bishop)|Bishop John Patteson]] to [[Nukapu]] where he was killed, His death was followed by the [[Nukapu Expedition|punitive expedition to the island]] in 1871 and 1872.<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|title=Pacific Progress 1849-1949|url=http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/centenary1949/|publisher=Diocese of Melanesia|access-date=21 February 2013|date=March 1949}}</ref>

===''Southern Cross'' No. 3===
''Southern Cross 3'' was a three-[[Mast (sailing)|mast]]ed, two-[[topsail]] schooner of 180 tons with auxiliary [[steam power]] of 24 [[Horsepower|H.P.]] She was built in Auckland at a cost of about £5,000, of which £2,000 was contributed from a fund collected by the [[Society for the Propagation of the Gospel]] in memory of Bishop [[John Coleridge Patteson]]. This ship was in service from 1874 to 1892.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}

===''Southern Cross'' No. 4===
{{Main|Southern Cross (1891 Melanesian Mission ship)}}

''Southern Cross 4'' (British Registry Official Number 98988) was a three-masted schooner, [[foremast]], [[square-rigged]], main and [[mizzen]], fore-and-aft rig. 240 tons with an auxiliary steam engine. The ship was built in [[Wivenhoe]], [[Essex, England]] by Forrest & Sons in 1891 at a cost about £9,000, which was contributed by Bishop [[John Richardson Selwyn]] and others. This ship was in service from 1892 to 1902. When this vessel was sold, her engine was removed, and she operated as a [[cargo vessel]] around [[Australia]] and New Zealand until being lost with all hands off [[King Island, Tasmania]] in 1920.<ref>{{cite web|title=View Shipwreck - Southern Cross|url=https://apps5a.ris.environment.gov.au/shipwreck/public/wreck/wreck.do?key=7732|publisher=Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities|access-date=20 February 2013}}</ref>

===''Southern Cross'' No. 5===
''Southern Cross 5'' was a steel three-masted schooner with an auxiliary steam engine. This ship was built in [[Newcastle upon Tyne]] by [[Armstrong Whitworth]] & Co., with £1,000 towards construction contributed by the [[Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge]], [[London]]. She was launched by Bishop [[Cecil Wilson (Bishop of Bunbury)|Cecil Wilson]] in 1903. Her officers in 1914 included: William Sinker R.N.R. (captain), H. Burgess R.N.R. ([[Chief Officer|chief officer]]), R. Gardner R.N.R. ([[Second mate|second officer]]), W. Pitcher ([[chief engineer]]) and J. Murray ([[bosun]]).{{citation needed|date=June 2013}}

===''Southern Cross'' No. 6===
''Southern Cross 6'' was steamer of 500 tons. The ship was wreaked in November 1932 on its first voyage into the islands. She was caught in a squall and driven onto a coral reef near [[Aneityum]] island of [[Vanuatu]].<ref name=autogenerated1 /><ref name="PIM32">{{cite web| last = | first = | work= III(4) Pacific Islands Monthly |title= Wreak of the Southern Cross VI |date = 23 November 1932|url= https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-311018361/view?partId=nla.obj-311044363#page/n44/mode/1up| accessdate=26 September 2021}}</ref><ref name="PIM33">{{cite web| last = | first = | work= III(6) Pacific Islands Monthly |title= Story of Shipwreak |date = 25 January 1933|url= https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-311039237/view?partId=nla.obj-311080382#page/n31/mode/1up| accessdate=26 September 2021}}</ref>

===''Southern Cross'' No. 7===
{{main|HMAS Southern Cross}}
''Southern Cross 7'' (also known as ''Akanina'', “the ship of all of us”) arrived in [[Tulagi]] harbour several months after the loss of ''Southern Cross 6'' and her cargo, due to the immediate action by the Melanesian Mission Secretaries in both England and New Zealand. She was a twin-screw diesel powered ship, with a length of 110 feet and a breadth of 28 feet.<ref name="PIM1933-7">{{cite web| last = | first = | work= IV(4) Pacific Islands Monthly |title= New Melanesian Mission Ship |date = 22 November 1933|url= https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-310926673/view?partId=nla.obj-310938283#page/n13/mode/1up| accessdate=27 September 2021}}</ref> She was 298.33 tons gross. She was sold in 1955.<ref name=autogenerated2 /><ref name=autogenerated1 /><ref name=autogenerated3>{{cite web|last=Mountfort|first=C. L.|title=The Long Dark Island|url=http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/mountfort1994/|publisher=The Desk Top Press|access-date=2 June 2013|date=February 1994}}</ref>

===''Southern Cross'' No. 8===
''Southern Cross 8'' arrived in [[Honiara]], [[Guadalcanal]], [[Solomon Islands]] from Australia after 1955, and she was wrecked soon after during a storm at [[Maravovo]] on the north west coast of Guadalcanal.<ref name=autogenerated3 />

===''Southern Cross'' No. 9===
''Southern Cross 9'' was built in Australia in 1962 at the request of the [[Bishop of Melanesia]], [[Alfred Thomas Hill]]. She is currently in service after refurbishing and rededication in 2005 by Archbishop [[Ellison Pogo]].{{citation needed|date=June 2013}} As of late 2009, the ship was based at the [[Taroaniara Anglican Mission Station]] on the [[Nggela Islands]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Fox Memorial Cross dedicated|url=http://www.anglicancommunion.org/provincialnews/melanesia/client/news/client_news_detail.cfm?naid=1653|work=Melanesian Messenger Online|publisher=Church of the Province of Melanesia|access-date=2 June 2013}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/brooke_last.html Last Cruise of the second ''Southern Cross''] Serialized account by C. H. Brooke.
* [http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/appeal1900.html Appeal of the English Committee for a New Mission Ship], 1900.
* [http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/awdry1902/13.html In the Isles of the Sea: The Story of Fifty Years in Melanesia] by Frances Awdry, 1902.
* [http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/beattie_journal1906.html Journal of a Voyage to the Western Pacific in the Melanesian Mission Yacht Southern Cross], by J.W. Beattie, 1906.
* [http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/sinker_reef1907.html By Reef and Shoal: Being an Account of a Voyage amongst the Islands in the South-western Pacific, by William Sinker] 1907 account.
* [http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/wilson_wake1932/ The Wake of the ''Southern Cross'': Work and Adventures in the South Seas, by Cecil Wilson] 1932 account.
* [http://anglicanhistory.org/oceania/micklem_darkness1936.html Darkness and Light in the Pacific] by P.A. Micklem, 1936.

[[Category:Steamships]]
[[Category:Anglicanism]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in June 1860]]

Southern Cross (Melanesian Mission ship series) - Revision history

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wikipedia>Citation bot: Added date. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Jay8g | Linked from User:Jay8g/sandbox | #UCB_webform_linked 769/1985