Part of: An Exposition of the Thirty-nine Articles, Historical and Doctrinal (1883)
This page maps the Thirty-nine Articles article-by-article against E. Harold Browne's Exposition of the Thirty-nine Articles, Historical and Doctrinal (1883 edition, edited with notes by J. Williams). The wiki's article lists the 39 titles and summarises them in eight thematic groups (Davie 2013); Browne gives a full historical and doctrinal exposition of each — about 326,000 words in total, each with the 1571 Latin formulary and translation.
Sixteen of the 39 titles differ: in every case the wiki's table abbreviates Browne's full official title. Two abbreviations change the meaning — Art. XVIII drops only by the Name of Christ, and Art. XXIV drops in such a Tongue as the people understandeth, which is the Article's whole subject.
Group 1 — The Doctrine of God (Articles 1–5)
| № |
Wiki title |
Browne's title |
≈ Words |
Browne's key topics |
Browne exposition
|
| 1 (I) |
Of Faith in the Holy Trinity. |
Of Faith in the Holy Trinity |
18,498 |
Four propositions of the doctrine; early heresies (Arian, Sabellian, Macedonian); Trinity in the primitive church; Greek terms (οὐσία, ὑπόστασις); Lucian's mock creed |
Article I
|
| 2 (II) |
Of Christ the Son of God. |
Of the Word or Son of God, which was made very Man (differs) |
7,228 |
Eternal generation of the Son; homoousios; the incarnation; atonement and sacrifice |
Article II
|
| 3 (III) |
Of his going down into Hell. |
Of the going down of Christ into Hell (differs) |
7,206 |
Hades vs Gehenna; the intermediate state; patristic views of the descent; its scriptural proof and purpose |
Article III
|
| 4 (IV) |
Of his Resurrection. |
Of the Resurrection of Christ (differs) |
5,627 |
Resurrection with his human body; ascension; session at God's right hand; return to judgment |
Article IV
|
| 5 (V) |
Of the Holy Ghost. |
Of the Holy Ghost |
2,816 |
Divinity of the Spirit; his personality (vs. Simon Magus' "emanation"); the procession (filioque) |
Article V
|
Group 2 — Scripture and the Creeds (Articles 6–8)
| № |
Wiki title |
Browne's title |
≈ Words |
Browne's key topics |
Browne exposition
|
| 6 (VI) |
Of the Sufficiency of the Scripture. |
Of the Sufficiency of the Holy Scriptures for Salvation (differs) |
24,887 |
Sufficiency of Scripture; OT and NT canon; value of tradition; the Apocrypha's place; Bellarmine |
Article VI
|
| 7 (VII) |
Of the Old Testament. |
Of the Old Testament |
9,794 |
Authority of the OT; its moral and ceremonial law; patriarchal faith (Job, Psalms); Hebrew glosses |
Article VII
|
| 8 (VIII) |
Of the Three Creeds. |
Of the Three Creeds |
7,995 |
Origin of creeds; Apostles' Creed tradition; Nice 325 and Eusebius' creed; Athanasian Creed authorship/date |
Article VIII
|
Group 3 — Sin and Salvation (Articles 9–18)
| № |
Wiki title |
Browne's title |
≈ Words |
Browne's key topics |
Browne exposition
|
| 9 (IX) |
Of Original or Birth-sin. |
Of Original or Birth-Sin |
8,722 |
Origin of evil; Jewish and patristic opinion; Pelagianism; the fall; concupiscence |
Article IX
|
| 10 (X) |
Of Free-Will. |
Of Free-Will |
8,303 |
Fallen man's inability; preventing and co-operating grace; the apostolic fathers' witness |
Article X
|
| 11 (XI) |
Of Justification. |
Of the Justification of Man (differs) |
16,795 |
Justification by faith; fides informis vs fides formata; Trent's decrees; the Homily of Salvation; meaning of "faith" |
Article XI
|
| 12 (XII) |
Of Good Works. |
Of Good Works |
2,976 |
Works as fruits of faith; merits de congruo and de condigno; antinomianism; added 1562 as supplement to XI |
Article XII
|
| 13 (XIII) |
Of Works before Justification. |
Of Works before Justification |
3,872 |
Heathen virtue; scholastic "grace of congruity"; whether pre-grace works have the nature of sin |
Article XIII
|
| 14 (XIV) |
Of Works of Supererogation. |
Of Works of Supererogation |
5,097 |
Counsels vs commands; Bellarmine's monastic defence; merit ascribed to martyrdom |
Article XIV
|
| 15 (XV) |
Of Christ alone without Sin. |
Of Christ alone without Sin |
3,662 |
Christ's unique sinlessness; Pelagian perfectionism; universal sinfulness of even the baptized |
Article XV
|
| 16 (XVI) |
Of Sin after Baptism. |
Of Sin after Baptism |
14,789 |
Post-baptismal repentance; rigorism (Montanists, Novatians); sin against the Holy Ghost; perseverance |
Article XVI
|
| 17 (XVII) |
Of Predestination and Election. |
Of Predestination and Election |
16,274 |
Predestinarianism (Essenes, Stoics, Islam); Calvinist/Arminian disputes; foreknowledge vs philosophy; pastoral use |
Article XVII
|
| 18 (XVIII) |
Of obtaining Salvation by Christ. |
Of obtaining eternal Salvation only by the Name of Christ (differs) |
3,373 |
Exclusivity of salvation in Christ's name; the early church and the heathen; Cranmer's Catechism |
Article XVIII
|
Group 4 — The Church and its Authority (Articles 19–21)
| № |
Wiki title |
Browne's title |
≈ Words |
Browne's key topics |
Browne exposition
|
| 19 (XIX) |
Of the Church. |
Of the Church |
9,530 |
Meaning of ἐκκλησία; marks of the church; visible vs invisible; Cyprian; Donatists |
Article XIX
|
| 20 (XX) |
Of the Authority of the Church. |
Of the Authority of the Church |
4,878 |
The church's power in controversies of faith; rites and ceremonies; excommunication; private judgment (Abp. Sharp) |
Article XX
|
| 21 (XXI) |
Of the Authority of General Councils. |
Of the Authority of General Councils |
4,035 |
The œcumenical councils; right of summons; Vincentian canon; councils that erred |
Article XXI
|
Group 5 — Errors to be avoided in the Church (Articles 22–24)
| № |
Wiki title |
Browne's title |
≈ Words |
Browne's key topics |
Browne exposition
|
| 22 (XXII) |
Of Purgatory. |
Of Purgatory |
16,504 |
Purgatory; pardons/indulgences; worship of images and relics; invocation of saints; "doctrine of the school-authors" vs "Romish doctrine" |
Article XXII
|
| 23 (XXIII) |
Of Ministering in the Congregation. |
Of Ministering in the Congregation |
10,781 |
Lawful calling; Augsburg XIV ("nemo… nisi rite vocatus"); ordination authority; the 1538 Lutheran articles |
Article XXIII
|
| 24 (XXIV) |
Of speaking in the Congregation. |
Of Speaking in the Congregation in such a Tongue as the people understandeth (differs) |
2,100 |
Public prayer in a known tongue; Trent Sess. XXII; primitive and patristic practice |
Article XXIV
|
Group 6 — The Sacraments (Articles 25–31)
| № |
Wiki title |
Browne's title |
≈ Words |
Browne's key topics |
Browne exposition
|
| 25 (XXV) |
Of the Sacraments. |
Of the Sacraments |
10,410 |
Two sacraments only; the five other rites; efficacy and worthy reception |
Article XXV
|
| 26 (XXVI) |
Of the Unworthiness of Ministers. |
Of the Unworthiness of the Ministers, which hinders not the effect of the Sacraments (differs) |
3,492 |
Donatism; Augustine on ministry; efficacy ex opere operato; Augsburg VIII; the Roman "intention" doctrine |
Article XXVI
|
| 27 (XXVII) |
Of Baptism. |
Of Baptism |
31,405 |
Baptismal regeneration controversy; infant baptism; grace and faith; Calvinist vs anti-Calvinist readings |
Article XXVII
|
| 28 (XXVIII) |
Of the Lord's Supper. |
Of the Lord's Supper |
19,087 |
The four opinions; the fathers' language (carnal vs spiritual eating); real spiritual presence |
Article XXVIII
|
| 29 (XXIX) |
Of the Wicked which eat not the Body of Christ. |
Of the Wicked which eat not the Body of Christ in the use of the Lord's Supper (differs) |
2,381 |
Unworthy reception; Augustine on sacramental vs real eating; the Benedictine bracket |
Article XXIX
|
| 30 (XXX) |
Of both kinds. |
Of both Kinds (differs) |
2,153 |
Communion in both kinds; Constance's withholding of the cup; Trent's reply; patristic practice (Justin, Cyprian, Chrysostom, Bona) |
Article XXX
|
| 31 (XXXI) |
Of Christ's one Oblation. |
Of the one Oblation of Christ finished upon the Cross (differs) |
5,096 |
The fathers' "sacrifice" language (mincha, προσφορά, θυσία); Clement, Justin, Irenæus, Tertullian; Mass as propitiatory sacrifice repudiated |
Article XXXI
|
Group 7 — The Discipline of the Church (Articles 32–36)
| № |
Wiki title |
Browne's title |
≈ Words |
Browne's key topics |
Browne exposition
|
| 32 (XXXII) |
Of the Marriage of Priests. |
Of the Marriage of Priests |
3,877 |
Apostolic marriages; enforced celibacy; Gangra, Nice, Trullo; Chrysostom on 1 Tim. iii. 2 |
Article XXXII
|
| 33 (XXXIII) |
Of Excommunicate Persons. |
Of excommunicate Persons, how they are to be avoided (differs) |
4,077 |
Jewish excommunication (niddui, cherem, shammata); patristic discipline; the keys of the kingdom; Tertullian |
Article XXXIII
|
| 34 (XXXIV) |
Of the Traditions of the Church. |
Of the Traditions of the Church |
1,312 |
Rites variable by time and place; national churches' liberty; private obedience |
Article XXXIV
|
| 35 (XXXV) |
Of the Homilies. |
Of the Homilies |
1,343 |
First and Second Books; assent general not specific; the Homily of Salvation (Cranmer); reading uninspired writings |
Article XXXV
|
| 36 (XXXVI) |
Of Consecrating of Ministers. |
Of Consecration of Bishops and Ministers (differs) |
3,019 |
The 1549/1552 Ordinal; unbroken succession; words of consecration |
Article XXXVI
|
Group 8 — Christians and Civil Society (Articles 37–39)
| № |
Wiki title |
Browne's title |
≈ Words |
Browne's key topics |
Browne exposition
|
| 37 (XXXVII) |
Of Civil Magistrates. |
Of the Power of the Civil Magistrates (differs) |
19,095 |
Church/state from Constantine to the Reformation; royal supremacy; papal jurisdiction |
Article XXXVII
|
| 38 (XXXVIII) |
Of Christian men's Goods. |
Of Christian Men's Goods, which are not common (differs) |
1,946 |
Anabaptist community of goods; almsgiving; voluntary poverty vs compulsory communism; the Apostolici |
Article XXXVIII
|
| 39 (XXXIX) |
Of a Christian man's Oath. |
Of a Christian Man's Oath (differs) |
1,378 |
Lawful vs idolatrous oaths (Tertullian); early Christians and the emperor's genius; Waldenses, Anabaptists, Quakers |
Article XXXIX
|
Coverage by group
| Group |
Articles |
≈ Words
|
| 1. Doctrine of God |
1–5 |
41,375
|
| 2. Scripture and the Creeds |
6–8 |
42,676
|
| 3. Sin and Salvation |
9–18 |
83,863
|
| 4. Church and its Authority |
19–21 |
18,443
|
| 5. Errors to be avoided |
22–24 |
29,385
|
| 6. Sacraments |
25–31 |
74,024
|
| 7. Discipline of the Church |
32–36 |
13,628
|
| 8. Christians and Civil Society |
37–39 |
22,419
|
| Total |
39 |
≈325,800
|
Source: E. Harold Browne, An Exposition of the Thirty-nine Articles, Historical and Doctrinal (New York: E. P. Dutton & Co., 1883), edited, with notes, by the Rev. J. Williams, Bishop of Connecticut. Word counts from the enhanced editions; Latin and Greek passages translated.